What is the purpose of protein complementation?

The purpose of protein complementation is to combine low biological value foods to provide essential amino acids. Many plant-based protein sources do not contain all the essential amino acids (EAAs) that the body requires, making them low in biological value. By complementing these protein sources with others that have different amino acid profiles, individuals can create a complete protein source that includes all the necessary EAAs.

For example, combining rice and beans or peanut butter on whole-grain bread forms a complete protein, as each food supplies the amino acids that the other lacks. This is particularly important for vegetarians and vegans who rely on plant-based diets to meet their protein requirements. By strategically pairing different protein sources, one can ensure adequate intake of all essential amino acids crucial for various bodily functions, including muscle repair, hormone production, and immune system support.